..::: Player Report :::..
*All data are from tournaments covererd by Arquivo dos Mundiais.
Kakha Kaladze
Georgia
Born: Feb 27, 1978
Matches: 127
Goals: 3
Own Goals: 2
Cards:  17   2  
Teams
From oldest to newest.
Georgia
World Cup Qualification
1997, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009
Georgia
Euro Qualification
1998, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011
Dynamo Kiev
UEFA Champions League
1998, 1999, 2000
Milan
UEFA Champions League
2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
Milan
Club World Cup
2007
Goals scored
Result
Date
Tournament
vs.
Italy
-
2
0-2
Sep 5, 2009
World Cup Qualification
vs.
Anderlecht
1
-
2-4
Oct 18, 2000
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Bayern München
1
-
2-0
Mar 22, 2000
UEFA Champions League
vs.
RC Lens
1
-
3-1
Dec 9, 1998
UEFA Champions League
Cards
Result
Date
Tournament
vs.
Montenegro
Oct 10, 2009
World Cup Qualification
vs.
Zürich
Sep 30, 2009
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Boca Juniors
Dec 16, 2007
Club World Cup
vs.
Benfica
Nov 28, 2007
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Anderlecht
Oct 17, 2006
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Albania
Sep 8, 2004
World Cup Qualification
vs.
Turkey
Sep 4, 2004
World Cup Qualification
vs.
Internazionale
May 13, 2003
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Switzerland
Sep 8, 2002
Euro Qualification
vs.
Anderlecht
Oct 18, 2000
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Rosenborg BK
Mar 8, 2000
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Bayern München
Dec 7, 1999
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Lazio
Nov 2, 1999
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Albania
Oct 9, 1999
Euro Qualification
vs.
Bayer 04 Leverkusen
Sep 29, 1999
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Norway
May 30, 1999
Euro Qualification
vs.
RC Lens
Dec 9, 1998
UEFA Champions League
vs.
Greece
Oct 14, 1998
Euro Qualification
vs.
Moldova
Sep 24, 1997
World Cup Qualification
World Cup Qualification
MP
W
D
L
Georgia
28
6
6
16
0
3
1
1998 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Jun 14, 1997 - Chorzow
Poland
4 : 1
Georgia
Poland
Georgia

4
1
1998 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Sep 10, 1997 - Tbilisi
Georgia
0 : 0
Italy
Georgia
Italy

0
0
1998 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Sep 24, 1997 - Chișinău
Moldova
0 : 1
Georgia
Moldova
Georgia

0
1
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Oct 7, 2000 - Kaunas
Lithuania
0 : 4
Georgia
Lithuania
Georgia

0
4
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Oct 11, 2000 - Ancona
Italy
2 : 0
Georgia
Italy
Georgia

2
0
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Mar 28, 2001 - Tbilisi
Georgia
0 : 2
Romania
Georgia
Romania

0
2
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Jun 2, 2001 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 2
Italy
Georgia
Italy

1
2
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Jun 6, 2001 - Budapest
Hungary
4 : 1
Georgia
Hungary
Georgia

4
1
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Sep 1, 2001 - Tbilisi
Georgia
3 : 1
Hungary
Georgia
Hungary

3
1
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Sep 5, 2001 - Tbilisi
Georgia
2 : 0
Lithuania
Georgia
Lithuania

2
0
2002 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Oct 6, 2001 - Bucharest
Romania
1 : 1
Georgia
Romania
Georgia

1
1
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Sep 4, 2004 - Trabzon
Turkey
1 : 1
Georgia
Turkey
Georgia

1
1
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Sep 8, 2004 - Tbilisi
Georgia
2 : 0
Albania
Georgia
Albania

2
0
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Nov 17, 2004 - Tbilisi
Georgia
2 : 2
Denmark
Georgia
Denmark

2
2
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Mar 26, 2005 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 3
Greece
Georgia
Greece

1
3
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Mar 30, 2005 - Tbilisi
Georgia
2 : 5
Turkey
Georgia
Turkey

2
5
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Jun 4, 2005 - Tirana
Albania
3 : 2
Georgia
Albania
Georgia

3
2
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Aug 17, 2005 - Almaty
Kazakhstan
1 : 2
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Georgia

1
2
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Sep 3, 2005 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 1
Ukraine
Georgia
Ukraine

1
1
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Sep 7, 2005 - Copenhagen
Denmark
6 : 1
Georgia
Denmark
Georgia

6
1
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Oct 8, 2005 - Tbilisi
Georgia
0 : 0
Kazakhstan
Georgia
Kazakhstan

0
0
2006 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 02 - Oct 12, 2005 - Pireas
Greece
1 : 0
Georgia
Greece
Georgia

1
0
2010 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Sep 6, 2008 - Mainz
Georgia
1 : 2
Republic of Ireland
Georgia
Republic of Ireland

1
2
2010 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Sep 10, 2008 - Udine
Italy
2 : 0
Georgia
Italy
Georgia

2
0
2010 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Feb 11, 2009 - Dublin
Republic of Ireland
2 : 1
Georgia
Republic of Ireland
Georgia

2
1
2010 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Sep 5, 2009 - Tbilisi
Georgia
0 : 2
Italy
Georgia
Italy

0
2
2010 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Oct 10, 2009 - Podgorica
Montenegro
2 : 1
Georgia
Montenegro
Georgia

2
1
2010 World Cup Qualifiers - UEFA - Group 08 - Oct 14, 2009 - Sofia
Bulgaria
6 : 2
Georgia
Bulgaria
Georgia

6
2
Euro Qualification
MP
W
D
L
Georgia
27
4
7
16
0
4
0
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Sep 5, 1998 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 0
Albania
Georgia
Albania

1
0
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Oct 10, 1998 - Riga
Latvia
1 : 0
Georgia
Latvia
Georgia

1
0
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Oct 14, 1998 - Athens
Greece
3 : 0
Georgia
Greece
Georgia

3
0
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Mar 27, 1999 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 1
Slovenia
Georgia
Slovenia

1
1
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Apr 28, 1999 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 4
Norway
Georgia
Norway

1
4
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - May 30, 1999 - Oslo
Norway
1 : 0
Georgia
Norway
Georgia

1
0
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Sep 4, 1999 - Ljubljana
Slovenia
2 : 1
Georgia
Slovenia
Georgia

2
1
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Sep 8, 1999 - Tbilisi
Georgia
2 : 2
Latvia
Georgia
Latvia

2
2
2000 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 02 - Oct 9, 1999 - Tirana
Albania
2 : 1
Georgia
Albania
Georgia

2
1
2004 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 10 - Sep 8, 2002 - Basel
Switzerland
4 : 1
Georgia
Switzerland
Georgia

4
1
2004 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 10 - Apr 30, 2003 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 0
Russia
Georgia
Russia

1
0
2004 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group 10 - Jun 11, 2003 - Dublin
Republic of Ireland
2 : 0
Georgia
Republic of Ireland
Georgia

2
0
2008 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group B - Oct 11, 2006 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 3
Italy
Georgia
Italy

1
3
2008 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group B - Jun 2, 2007 - Kaunas
Lithuania
1 : 0
Georgia
Lithuania
Georgia

1
0
2008 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group B - Jun 6, 2007 - Auxerre
France
1 : 0
Georgia
France
Georgia

1
0
2008 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group B - Sep 8, 2007 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 1
Ukraine
Georgia
Ukraine

1
1
2008 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group B - Nov 21, 2007 - Tbilisi
Georgia
0 : 2
Lithuania
Georgia
Lithuania

0
2
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Sep 3, 2010 - Pireas
Greece
1 : 1
Georgia
Greece
Georgia

1
1
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Sep 7, 2010 - Tbilisi
Georgia
0 : 0
Israel
Georgia
Israel

0
0
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Oct 8, 2010 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 0
Malta
Georgia
Malta

1
0
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Oct 12, 2010 - Riga
Latvia
1 : 1
Georgia
Latvia
Georgia

1
1
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Mar 26, 2011 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 0
Croatia
Georgia
Croatia

1
0
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Mar 29, 2011 - Tel Aviv
Israel
1 : 0
Georgia
Israel
Georgia

1
0
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Jun 3, 2011 - Split
Croatia
2 : 1
Georgia
Croatia
Georgia

2
1
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Sep 2, 2011 - Tbilisi
Georgia
0 : 1
Latvia
Georgia
Latvia

0
1
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Sep 6, 2011 - Ta'Qali
Malta
1 : 1
Georgia
Malta
Georgia

1
1
2012 UEFA Euro Qualifiers - Group F - Oct 11, 2011 - Tbilisi
Georgia
1 : 2
Greece
Georgia
Greece

1
2
UEFA Champions League
MP
W
D
L
Dynamo Kiev
24
8
6
10
3
6
0
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Sep 16, 1998 - Athens
Panathinaikos
2 : 1
Dynamo Kiev
Panathinaikos
Dynamo Kiev

2
1
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Sep 30, 1998 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
1 : 1
RC Lens
Dynamo Kiev
RC Lens

1
1
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Oct 21, 1998 - London
Arsenal
1 : 1
Dynamo Kiev
Arsenal
Dynamo Kiev

1
1
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Dec 9, 1998 - Lens
RC Lens
1 : 3
Dynamo Kiev
RC Lens
Dynamo Kiev

1
3
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Quarterfinals - Mar 3, 1999 - Madrid
Real Madrid
1 : 1
Dynamo Kiev
Real Madrid
Dynamo Kiev

1
1
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Quarterfinals - Mar 17, 1999 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
2 : 0
Real Madrid
Dynamo Kiev
Real Madrid

2
0
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - Apr 7, 1999 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
3 : 3
Bayern München
Dynamo Kiev
Bayern München

3
3
1998-99 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - Apr 21, 1999 - Munich
Bayern München
1 : 0
Dynamo Kiev
Bayern München
Dynamo Kiev

1
0
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - Group A - Sep 14, 1999 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
0 : 1
NK Maribor
Dynamo Kiev
NK Maribor

0
1
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - Group A - Sep 22, 1999 - Rome
Lazio
2 : 1
Dynamo Kiev
Lazio
Dynamo Kiev

2
1
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - Group A - Sep 29, 1999 - Leverkusen
Bayer 04 Leverkusen
1 : 1
Dynamo Kiev
Bayer 04 Leverkusen
Dynamo Kiev

1
1
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - Group A - Oct 19, 1999 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
4 : 2
Bayer 04 Leverkusen
Dynamo Kiev
Bayer 04 Leverkusen

4
2
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - Group A - Oct 27, 1999 - Maribor
NK Maribor
1 : 2
Dynamo Kiev
NK Maribor
Dynamo Kiev

1
2
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - Group A - Nov 2, 1999 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
0 : 1
Lazio
Dynamo Kiev
Lazio

0
1
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - 2nd Round - Group C - Dec 7, 1999 - Munich
Bayern München
2 : 1
Dynamo Kiev
Bayern München
Dynamo Kiev

2
1
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - 2nd Round - Group C - Feb 29, 2000 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
2 : 1
Rosenborg BK
Dynamo Kiev
Rosenborg BK

2
1
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - 2nd Round - Group C - Mar 8, 2000 - Trondheim
Rosenborg BK
1 : 2
Dynamo Kiev
Rosenborg BK
Dynamo Kiev

1
2
1999-00 UEFA Champions League - 2nd Round - Group C - Mar 22, 2000 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
2 : 0
Bayern München
Dynamo Kiev
Bayern München

2
0
2000-01 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Sep 13, 2000 - Eindhoven
PSV Eindhoven
2 : 1
Dynamo Kiev
PSV Eindhoven
Dynamo Kiev

2
1
2000-01 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Sep 19, 2000 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
0 : 0
Manchester United
Dynamo Kiev
Manchester United

0
0
2000-01 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Sep 26, 2000 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
4 : 0
Anderlecht
Dynamo Kiev
Anderlecht

4
0
2000-01 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Oct 18, 2000 - Brussels
Anderlecht
4 : 2
Dynamo Kiev
Anderlecht
Dynamo Kiev

4
2
2000-01 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Oct 24, 2000 - Kiev
Dynamo Kiev
0 : 1
PSV Eindhoven
Dynamo Kiev
PSV Eindhoven

0
1
2000-01 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Nov 8, 2000 - Manchester
Manchester United
1 : 0
Dynamo Kiev
Manchester United
Dynamo Kiev

1
0
UEFA Champions League
MP
W
D
L
Milan
46
22
14
10
0
4
0
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Sep 18, 2002 - Milan
Milan
2 : 1
RC Lens
Milan
RC Lens

2
1
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Sep 24, 2002 - La Corunã
Deportivo La Coruña
0 : 4
Milan
Deportivo La Coruña
Milan

0
4
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Oct 1, 2002 - Munich
Bayern München
1 : 2
Milan
Bayern München
Milan

1
2
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Oct 23, 2002 - Milan
Milan
2 : 1
Bayern München
Milan
Bayern München

2
1
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Oct 29, 2002 - Lens
RC Lens
2 : 1
Milan
RC Lens
Milan

2
1
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Group G - Nov 13, 2002 - Milan
Milan
1 : 2
Deportivo La Coruña
Milan
Deportivo La Coruña

1
2
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - 2nd Round - Group C - Nov 26, 2002 - Milan
Milan
1 : 0
Real Madrid
Milan
Real Madrid

1
0
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - 2nd Round - Group C - Dec 11, 2002 - Dortmund
Borussia Dortmund
0 : 1
Milan
Borussia Dortmund
Milan

0
1
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - 2nd Round - Group C - Feb 25, 2003 - Moscow
Lokomotiv Moscow
0 : 1
Milan
Lokomotiv Moscow
Milan

0
1
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Quarterfinals - Apr 23, 2003 - Milan
Milan
3 : 2
Ajax
Milan
Ajax

3
2
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - May 7, 2003 - Milan
Milan
0 : 0
Internazionale
Milan
Internazionale

0
0
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - May 13, 2003 - Milan
Internazionale
1 : 1
Milan
Internazionale
Milan

1
1
2002-03 UEFA Champions League - Final - May 28, 2003 - Manchester
Juventus
0 : 0
Milan
Juventus
Milan

0
0
2003-04 UEFA Champions League - Group H - Dec 9, 2003 - Milan
Milan
1 : 2
Celta Vigo
Milan
Celta Vigo

1
2
2004-05 UEFA Champions League - Group F - Nov 2, 2004 - Barcelona
Barcelona
2 : 1
Milan
Barcelona
Milan

2
1
2004-05 UEFA Champions League - Round of 16 - Feb 23, 2005 - Manchester
Manchester United
0 : 1
Milan
Manchester United
Milan

0
1
2004-05 UEFA Champions League - Quarterfinals - Apr 6, 2005 - Milan
Milan
2 : 0
Internazionale
Milan
Internazionale

2
0
2004-05 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - Apr 26, 2005 - Milan
Milan
2 : 0
PSV Eindhoven
Milan
PSV Eindhoven

2
0
2004-05 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - May 4, 2005 - Eindhoven
PSV Eindhoven
3 : 1
Milan
PSV Eindhoven
Milan

3
1
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Sep 13, 2005 - Milan
Milan
3 : 1
Fenerbahçe
Milan
Fenerbahçe

3
1
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Sep 28, 2005 - Gelsenkirchen
Schalke 04
2 : 2
Milan
Schalke 04
Milan

2
2
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Oct 19, 2005 - Milan
Milan
0 : 0
PSV Eindhoven
Milan
PSV Eindhoven

0
0
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Nov 1, 2005 - Eindhoven
PSV Eindhoven
1 : 0
Milan
PSV Eindhoven
Milan

1
0
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Group E - Dec 6, 2005 - Milan
Milan
3 : 2
Schalke 04
Milan
Schalke 04

3
2
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Round of 16 - Feb 21, 2006 - Munich
Bayern München
1 : 1
Milan
Bayern München
Milan

1
1
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Round of 16 - Mar 8, 2006 - Milan
Milan
4 : 1
Bayern München
Milan
Bayern München

4
1
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Quarterfinals - Mar 29, 2006 - Lyon
Lyon
0 : 0
Milan
Lyon
Milan

0
0
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Quarterfinals - Apr 4, 2006 - Milan
Milan
3 : 1
Lyon
Milan
Lyon

3
1
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - Apr 18, 2006 - Milan
Milan
0 : 1
Barcelona
Milan
Barcelona

0
1
2005-06 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - Apr 26, 2006 - Barcelona
Barcelona
0 : 0
Milan
Barcelona
Milan

0
0
2006-07 UEFA Champions League - Group H - Sep 26, 2006 - Lens
Lille
0 : 0
Milan
Lille
Milan

0
0
2006-07 UEFA Champions League - Group H - Oct 17, 2006 - Brussels
Anderlecht
0 : 1
Milan
Anderlecht
Milan

0
1
2006-07 UEFA Champions League - Group H - Dec 6, 2006 - Milan
Milan
0 : 2
Lille
Milan
Lille

0
2
2006-07 UEFA Champions League - Round of 16 - Feb 20, 2007 - Glasgow
Celtic
0 : 0
Milan
Celtic
Milan

0
0
2006-07 UEFA Champions League - Quarterfinals - Apr 3, 2007 - Milan
Milan
2 : 2
Bayern München
Milan
Bayern München

2
2
2006-07 UEFA Champions League - Semifinal - May 2, 2007 - Milan
Milan
3 : 0
Manchester United
Milan
Manchester United

3
0
2006-07 UEFA Champions League - Final - May 23, 2007 - Athens
Milan
2 : 1
Liverpool
Milan
Liverpool

2
1
2007-08 UEFA Champions League - Group D - Sep 18, 2007 - Milan
Milan
2 : 1
Benfica
Milan
Benfica

2
1
2007-08 UEFA Champions League - Group D - Oct 24, 2007 - Milan
Milan
4 : 1
Shakhtar Donetsk
Milan
Shakhtar Donetsk

4
1
2007-08 UEFA Champions League - Group D - Nov 6, 2007 - Donetsk
Shakhtar Donetsk
0 : 3
Milan
Shakhtar Donetsk
Milan

0
3
2007-08 UEFA Champions League - Group D - Nov 28, 2007 - Lisbon
Benfica
1 : 1
Milan
Benfica
Milan

1
1
2007-08 UEFA Champions League - Group D - Dec 4, 2007 - Milan
Milan
1 : 0
Celtic
Milan
Celtic

1
0
2007-08 UEFA Champions League - Round of 16 - Feb 20, 2008 - London
Arsenal
0 : 0
Milan
Arsenal
Milan

0
0
2007-08 UEFA Champions League - Round of 16 - Mar 4, 2008 - Milan
Milan
0 : 2
Arsenal
Milan
Arsenal

0
2
2009-10 UEFA Champions League - Group C - Sep 30, 2009 - Milan
Milan
0 : 1
Zürich
Milan
Zürich

0
1
2009-10 UEFA Champions League - Group C - Dec 8, 2009 - Zürich
Zürich
1 : 1
Milan
Zürich
Milan

1
1
Club World Cup
MP
W
D
L
Milan
2
2
0
0
0
0
1
2007 Club World Cup - Semifinal - Dec 13, 2007 - Yokohama
Urawa Reds
0 : 1
Milan
Urawa Reds
Milan

0
1
2007 Club World Cup - Final - Dec 16, 2007 - Yokohama
Boca Juniors
2 : 4
Milan
Boca Juniors
Milan

2
4
Language:
Click on the result to view match report.
© 2007-2025 All rights reserved.